Lecture- Tutorials for Introductory Astronomy
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780321820464
Author: Edward E. Prather, Tim P. Slater, Jeff P. Adams, Gina Brissenden
Publisher: Addison-Wesley
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Textbook Question
Chapter 2, Problem 12KESP
Which of the three orbits shown below (A, B, or C) would you say most closely matches the shape of Earth's orbit around the Sun? Explain your reasoning.
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The table below presents the semi-major axis (a) and Actual orbital period for all of the major planets in the solar system. Cube for each planet the semi-major axis in Astronomical Units. Then take the square root of this number to get the Calculated orbital period of each planet. Fill in the final row of data for each planet.
Table of Data for Kepler’s Third Law:
Table of Data for Kepler’s Third Law:
Planet aau = Semi-Major Axis (AU) Actual Planet Calculated Planet
Period (Yr) Period (Yr)
__________ ______________________ ___________ ________________
Mercury 0.39 0.24
Venus 0.72 0.62
Earth 1.00 1.00
Mars 1.52 1.88
Jupiter…
Using Kepler’s Third Law (r3 = MT2 where M is the mass of the central star) find the orbital radius in astronomical units of this planet. M = 1.5 times the mass of the sun. Remember to convert days to years using 365.25 as the length of a year in days.
Key Points to know:
- The semimajor axis of the planet in AU is r = 0.0379 AU
- The circumference of the orbit is l = 3.562 x 10^10 m
- The orbital velocity in m/s is v = 1.874 x 10^5 m/s
Questions that need to be answered:
- With that orbital velocity, the radius of the orbit in meters, find the centripetal acceleration of our exoplanet:
- Knowing the acceleration that our planet experiences, calculate the force that the host star exerts on the planet:
- Knowing the force on the planet, the orbital radius, and the mass of the parent star, use the equation for gravitational force to find the mass of our planet (m2). (To get m1 in kg multiply the mass of the star in solar masses by 1.98 x 1030).
Write down an expression for the gravitational filed strength of a planet of radius R and density ρ. Please use "*" for products (e.g. B*A), "/" for ratios (e.g. B/A) and the usual "+" and "-" signs as appropriate without the quotes). For Greek letters such as ?ρ and ?π use rho and pi. Please use the "Display response" button to check you entered the answer you expect
Chapter 2 Solutions
Lecture- Tutorials for Introductory Astronomy
Ch. 2 - Does this planet obey Kepler's second law? How do...Ch. 2 - If you were carefully watching this planet during...Ch. 2 - Draw two lines: one connecting the planet at...Ch. 2 - Pick any two planet positions (C, D, E, F, G, H,...Ch. 2 - How would the time it takes the planet to travel...Ch. 2 - During which of the two time intervals for which...Ch. 2 - During which of the two time intervals for which...Ch. 2 - Does the planet appear to be traveling the same...Ch. 2 - At which position would the planet have been...Ch. 2 - At Position D, is the speed of the planet...
Ch. 2 - Provide a concise statement that describes the...Ch. 2 - Which of the three orbits shown below (A, B, or C)...Ch. 2 - Which of the listed objects would experience the...Ch. 2 - Describe the extent to which you think Earth's...Ch. 2 - Which of the two planets (Esus or Sulis) do you...Ch. 2 - If Esus and Sulis were to switch positions, would...Ch. 2 - Do you think the orbital period for Esus would...Ch. 2 - Imagine both Esus and Sulis were in orbit around...Ch. 2 - According to the graph, would you say that the...Ch. 2 - How far from the central star does a planet orbit...Ch. 2 - How long does it take a planet to complete one...Ch. 2 - Based on your results from Questions 6 and 7,...Ch. 2 - What is the name of the planet that you identified...Ch. 2 - Using the information provided in the table above...Ch. 2 - A student in your class makes the following...Ch. 2 - Review your answers to Questions 1-4. Do you still...Ch. 2 - Given that Earth is much larger and more massive...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2NEPCh. 2 - How would the strength of the force between the...Ch. 2 - On the diagram, clearly label the location where...Ch. 2 - On the diagram, clearly label the location where...Ch. 2 - Where would the spaceprobe experience the...Ch. 2 - When the spacecraft is at the halfway point, how...Ch. 2 - Two students are discussing their answer to the...Ch. 2 - If the spaceprobe had lost all ability to control...Ch. 2 - Imagine that you need to completely stop the...Ch. 2 - Your weight on Earth is simply the gravitational...Ch. 2 - Which value, apparent magnitude, or absolute...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2APPCh. 2 - Prob. 3APPCh. 2 - Prob. 4APPCh. 2 - The star Lee has an apparent magnitude of 0.1 and...Ch. 2 - Prob. 6APPCh. 2 - Prob. 7APPCh. 2 - Imagine that you are looking at the stars from...Ch. 2 - Repeat Question 1 for July and label the distant...Ch. 2 - In the box below, the same distant stars are shown...Ch. 2 - In the same box, draw another × to indicate the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 5THPCh. 2 - Prob. 6THPCh. 2 - Starting from Earth in January, draw a line...Ch. 2 - Prob. 8THPCh. 2 - Prob. 9THPCh. 2 - Is a parsec a unit of length or a unit of angle?...Ch. 2 - Prob. 11THPCh. 2 - Prob. 12THPCh. 2 - Prob. 13THPCh. 2 - Check your answers to Questions 6 and 11 and...Ch. 2 - What is the angle between you, the house, and the...Ch. 2 - You see the Moon on the horizon just above the...Ch. 2 - Compare your answers for the barn-house angle from...Ch. 2 - Do the angles from above tell you anything about...Ch. 2 - Prob. 5PAPCh. 2 - Prob. 6PAPCh. 2 - Prob. 7PAPCh. 2 - Prob. 8PAPCh. 2 - Prob. 9PAPCh. 2 - Prob. 10PAPCh. 2 - Prob. 11PAPCh. 2 - Prob. 12PAPCh. 2 - Prob. 13PAPCh. 2 - Which object will look brighter from Earth, the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2SPEPCh. 2 - Star B has an apparent magnitude of 0, which tells...Ch. 2 - Prob. 4SPEPCh. 2 - Prob. 5SPEPCh. 2 - Prob. 6SPEPCh. 2 - Prob. 7SPEP
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