(a)
Interpretation:
Mixture of three molecules are separated on a
Concept Introduction:
London dispersion force also called an induced dipole-induced dipole attraction is a temporary attractive force that results when the electrons in two adjacent atoms occupy positions that make the atoms form temporary dipoles.
Dipole-dipole interaction results when two dipolar molecules interact with each other through space, there occurs a partially negative charge of one of the polar molecules is attracted to the partially positive charge of the second polar molecule.
Ion-dipole interaction results of an electrostatic interaction between a charged ion and a molecule that has a dipole.
A hydrogen bonding is partially an electrostatic attraction between
(b).
Interpretation:
It should be determine that which molecules is most attracted to the stationary phase, and what are the forces that attract the molecule to the non-polar phase.
Concept Introduction:
London dispersion force also called an induced dipole-induced dipole attraction is a temporary attractive force that results when the electrons in two adjacent atoms occupy positions that make the atoms form temporary dipoles.
Dipole-dipole interaction results when two dipolar molecules interact with each other through space, there occurs a partially negative charge of one of the polar molecules is attracted to the partially positive charge of the second polar molecule.
Ion-dipole interaction results of an electrostatic interaction between a charged ion and a molecule that has a dipole.
A hydrogen bonding is partially an electrostatic attraction between
(c).
Interpretation:
It should be determine that which molecules is most attracted to the stationary phase, and what are the forces that attract the molecule to the non-polar phase.
Concept Introduction:
London dispersion: This force also called an induced dipole-induced dipole attraction is a temporary attractive force that results when the electrons in two adjacent atoms occupy positions that make the atoms form temporary dipoles.
Dipole-dipole interaction: Dipole interaction results when two dipolar molecules interact with each other through space, there occurs a partially negative charge of one of the polar molecules is attracted to the partially positive charge of the second polar molecule.
Ion-dipole interaction results of an electrostatic interaction between a charged ion and a molecule that has a dipole.
A hydrogen bonding is partially an electrostatic attraction between
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Chapter 11 Solutions
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
- a. Refer to the solubility curve below. Which compound below is the least soluble at 10°C?(refer to the photo attached) b. Which among the compounds in the figure below has the greatest increase of solubility as temperature increases from 0 to 30 ⁰C? (refer to the photo attached) c. Which of the following compounds below exhibits an exothermic reaction upon dissolution?(refer to the photo attached)arrow_forwardDangerous Paint Stripper Jessica has a summer job working for the city parks program. She has been using a cleaner called “Graffiti Gone” to remove graffiti from the bathrooms. She has to take a lot of breaks, because the chemical makes her throat burn. It also makes her feel dizzy sometimes, especially when the bathrooms don’t have very many windows. On the label, she sees that the cleaner has methylene chloride in it. She feels like she’s managing to get the work done, but she is worried about feeling dizzy. She wants to find out more about this chemical, what harm it can cause, and whether there are safer ways to do this work. Questions for following story. 1. What went right in this situation? 2. What went wrong in this situation? 3. What steps should be taken in this workplace to make sure employees are better protected and prepared the next time?arrow_forward1. How did the temperature change throughout the experiment? Use relative terms like increase, decrease or no change, to explain. 2. What phase change is occurring during the addition of 20 to 100 calories? 3. What is happening to the water molecules in the solid-state during the addition of the first 20 calories, and in the liquid state during the addition of 100 to 200 calories? 4. What phase change is occurring during the addition of 200 to 700 calories? 5. Write a paragraph that explains what latent heat is and use latent heat to explain what the ice, liquid, and gas experienced throughout the experiencearrow_forward
- You've just synthesized a new molecule and need to purify it by recrystallization. You find that it is poorly soluble in water and highly soluble in ethanol, even when cooled in ice. What solvent should work in this situation? a. water b. Recrystallization from any solvent is impossible. c. methanol d. a solvent mixture - water and ethanolarrow_forwardwhich of the following statements regarding purification by recrystallization is false? i. activated charcoal removes insoluble impurities. ii. water is the best recrystallization solvent for organic compounds. iii. slow cooling permits the exclusion of the solvent from the recrystallized solid. a. i, ii, and iii b. i and ii c. i only d. ii and iiiarrow_forwardActivity 2. Srength of IMFA and Physical Properties of Covalent Compounds For each pair of molecules, identify the one with the higher boiling point (BP), melting point (MP), viscosity (V), surface tension (ST) and vapor pressure (VP). Briefly explain your choice. BP MP V ST VP CI H C H CI C CI Methane, CH. carbon tetrachloride. CCl. H. H. H. H. Dihydrogen sulfide. H:S water, H:O H. H. H. C O H. H C C H. Methanol, CH:OH ethanol. CH,CH:OH H OH H C C H C С С H. H. H. Acetic acid. CH:COOH acetone, CH:OCH; Brief explanation: and alogtarrow_forward
- Part B: Miscibility of liquids 1. Place 10 drops of propan-2-ol into each of two DRY semi-micro test tubes. 2. Add 10 drops of water to one test tube and 10 drops of cyclohexane to the other test tube, shake and observe whether the two liquids in each test tube are miscible. Record your results then discard the contents of the test tubes into the organic waste container. 3. Place 10 drops of water in a clean semi–micro test tube and add 10 drops of cyclohexane to it. Record whether the two liquids are miscible. If two layers form (i.e. the liquids are immiscible) add a drop of blue food dye to the mixture and shake, then allow the two layers to reform. Based on your observation, decide whether the food dye is more soluble in water or cyclohexane and then discard the mixture into the non–halogenated waste container. Record whether the combinations of liquids shown below are miscible. Water Cyclohexane Propan-2-ol Cyclohexanearrow_forwardIn a thin layer chromatography (TLC) experiment, solute A traveled 20 mm while solute B traveled 30 mm. The solvent traveled 40 mm. Which has a greater affinity for the silica gel? a. solute B b. A & B have equal affinity c. not enough data d. solute Aarrow_forwardAssume that your compound recrystallizes equally well from benzyl alcohol and isopropyl alcohol. Which solvent is the better choice for recrystallization? a. Benzyl alcohol because it is miscible with water. b. Isopropyl alcohol is better because it has a much lower boiling point and is easier evaporate off c. A mixed solvent - benzyl alcohol and isopropyl alcohol d. It doesn't matter which one if they work equally in the recrystallization process.arrow_forward
- When adding water to the sodium polyacrylate, the lab group next to you used tap water instead of deionized water. How would the amount of water that they will observe being absorbed compare to yours? Group of answer choices a. The other group will observe less water absorbed because tap water has a higher concentrations of ions present. b. The other group will observe less water absorbed because tap water forms hydrogen bonds more easily. c. The other group will observe less water absorbed because tap water is more attracted to sodium polyacrylate. d. The other group will observe more water absorbed because tap water has a higher concentrations of ions present. e. The other group will observe more water absorbed because tap water is more attracted to sodium polyacrylate. The other group will observe more water absorbed because tap water forms hydrogen bonds more easily. f. K DEC 23 útv ♫ ST الهarrow_forward1. Given the following solvents and their dielectric constants: Hexane - 1.88 Benzene 4.6 Ethanol 25 Water 80 a. Draw the structures of each and label the orbitals involved in the bonds present in each structure. b. Which solvents can dissolve non-polar molecules? Explain your answer. c. Which solvents can dissolve polar molecules? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardExperiment 10-Polarity and Solubility name section date Pre-Laboratory Assignment 1. Define the terms below a. Immiscible- b. Hydrocarbon - c. Functional group - z. What is the general rule of solubility? Explain briefly what it means! 3. For a molecule of phosphorus trichloride, PCl3: a. Draw the Lewis structure of this molecule. Using the Pauling electronegativity scale, determine which bonds are polar; show them on the structure using the 8+/o- notation. b. Is this molecule polar? Explain briefly why or why not. What type of intermolecular forces should exist between two PCl3 molecules? c. d. Will PCl3 be soluble in water, H20? Explain briefly why or why not. 4. On the Worksheet, add any missing lone pairs. To avoid getting points off, have the TA or instructor check this step for completion before you turn in the pre-lab. 129arrow_forward
- Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage Learning