2. Circle the correct bolded blue word. a. A substance that moves across a membrane "down" or "with" their concentration gradient is moving from the side with a higher / lower concentration of that substance to the side with a higher / lower concentration. This does / doesn't require energy input and is called active / passive transport. b. A substance moving "against" or "up" its concentration gradient is moving from the side with a higher / lower concentration of that substance to the side with a higher / lower concentration. This does / doesn't require energy input and is called active / passive transport. c. If the energy from the hydrolysis of ATP is directly used to pump the substance, the transport is called primary /secondary active transport. d. Ion-coupled transport is primary /secondary active transport and has two parts. First, the hydrolysis of ATP is used to power the creation of an ion concentration gradient. The ion is typically Na* or H*. Second, the energy stored in the concentration gradient is used to power the active transport of the other substance. A secondary transporter protein couples the movement of the ion with / against its gradient to the movement of another substance with / against a concentration gradient. The ion and the coupled substance can be moved in the same or different directions. For example, in the pictures below substance X has a higher / lower concentration inside the cell and is being transported to the outside. This is with / against the gradient and does / doesn't require energy input. The energy is provided by the hydrolysis of ATP/ ADP. Substance S, has a higher /lower concentration inside the cell and is being transported in with substance X. This is with / against the S gradient and does / doesn't require energy input. The energy is provided by the movement of X with / against the X gradient. Primary Active Transport Secondary Active Transport ADP+P ATP X ADP+P ATP S Summary: In primary active transport, what provides the energy needed to move solutes against a concentration gradient? In secondary active transport, the energy needed to perform active transport of the second substance is provided by_

2. Circle the correct bolded blue word. a. A substance that moves across a membrane "down" or "with" their concentration gradient is moving from the side with a higher / lower concentration of that substance to the side with a higher / lower concentration. This does / doesn't require energy input and is called active / passive transport. b. A substance moving "against" or "up" its concentration gradient is moving from the side with a higher / lower concentration of that substance to the side with a higher / lower concentration. This does / doesn't require energy input and is called active / passive transport. c. If the energy from the hydrolysis of ATP is directly used to pump the substance, the transport is called primary /secondary active transport. d. Ion-coupled transport is primary /secondary active transport and has two parts. First, the hydrolysis of ATP is used to power the creation of an ion concentration gradient. The ion is typically Na* or H*. Second, the energy stored in the concentration gradient is used to power the active transport of the other substance. A secondary transporter protein couples the movement of the ion with / against its gradient to the movement of another substance with / against a concentration gradient. The ion and the coupled substance can be moved in the same or different directions. For example, in the pictures below substance X has a higher / lower concentration inside the cell and is being transported to the outside. This is with / against the gradient and does / doesn't require energy input. The energy is provided by the hydrolysis of ATP/ ADP. Substance S, has a higher /lower concentration inside the cell and is being transported in with substance X. This is with / against the S gradient and does / doesn't require energy input. The energy is provided by the movement of X with / against the X gradient. Primary Active Transport Secondary Active Transport ADP+P ATP X ADP+P ATP S Summary: In primary active transport, what provides the energy needed to move solutes against a concentration gradient? In secondary active transport, the energy needed to perform active transport of the second substance is provided by_

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter3: The Plasma Membrane And Membrane Potential

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 6RE

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