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PRELAB EXERCISE: Predict the outcomes of the two sets of experiments to be carried out with the 11 halides used in this chapter. Group 1: 1-bromobutane, 2-bromobutane, 2-bromo-2-methylpropane, and bromobenzene Group 2: 1-chlorobutane, 2-chloro-2-methylpropane, 1-chloro-2-butene Group 3: 1-bromobutane, 2-bromobutane, 1-chlorobutane, 2-chlorobutane

PRELAB EXERCISE: Predict the outcomes of the two sets of experiments to be carried out with the 11 halides used in this chapter. Group 1: 1-bromobutane, 2-bromobutane, 2-bromo-2-methylpropane, and bromobenzene Group 2: 1-chlorobutane, 2-chloro-2-methylpropane, 1-chloro-2-butene Group 3: 1-bromobutane, 2-bromobutane, 1-chlorobutane, 2-chlorobutane

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PRELAB EXERCISE: Predict the outcomes of the two sets of experiments to be carried out with the 11 halides used in this chapter (image attached) 

for the first set of experiments, the solvent used is sodium iodide in acetone

for the second one it is ethnaloic silver nitrate

Bromobenzene bp 156°C bp 68°C (trans) Br CH₂CH₂CHCH, 2-Bromobutane bp 91°C 1-Chloro-2-methylpropane bp 68-69°C CH3 H₂C-C-Br CH3 2-Bromo-2-methylpropane bp 71-73°C Once all of the halides have been placed into labeled tubes or vials, arrange them into the following groupings: Group 1: 1-bromobutane, 2-bromobutane, 2-bromo-2-methylpropane, and bromobenzene Group 2: 1-chlorobutane, 2-chloro-2-methylpropane, 1-chloro-2-butene Group 3: 1-bromobutane, 2-bromobutane, 1-chlorobutane, 2-chlorobutane When you perform experiments on these halides, be sure to do them in the order in which they appear in their group lists in order to observe trends and make conclusions about the reactivity of each halide within its respective group. To each tube of each group, rapidly add 1 mL of an 18% solution of sodium iodide in acetone, stopper each tube, mix the contents thoroughly, and note the time. Note the time of first appearance of any precipitate. If no reaction occurs within about 5 minutes, place those tubes in a 50°C water bath and watch for any reaction over the next 5 or 6 minutes. Empty the tubes, rinse them with ethanol, place the same amount of each of the alkyl halides in each tube as in the first part of the experiment and organize them by the groupings described above. Add 1 mL of 1% ethanolic silver nitrate solution to each tube, mix the contents well, and note the time of addition as well as the time of appearance of the first traces of any precipitate. If a precipitate does not appear in 5 minutes, heat the tubes containing these unreactive halides in a 50°C water bath for 5 to 6 minutes and watch for any reaction. To test the effect of solvent on the rate of S1 reactivity, compare the time needed for a precipitate to appear when 2-chlorobutane is treated with a 1% ethano- lic silver nitrate solution, and when treated with 1% silver nitrate in a mixture of 50% ethanol and 50% water. In your analysis of the results from these experiments, consider the following for both S1 and 52 conditions: the nature of the leaving group (Cl vs. Br) in the 1-halobutanes is compare simple primary, secondary, and tertiary
Transcribed Image Text:Bromobenzene bp 156°C bp 68°C (trans) Br CH₂CH₂CHCH, 2-Bromobutane bp 91°C 1-Chloro-2-methylpropane bp 68-69°C CH3 H₂C-C-Br CH3 2-Bromo-2-methylpropane bp 71-73°C Once all of the halides have been placed into labeled tubes or vials, arrange them into the following groupings: Group 1: 1-bromobutane, 2-bromobutane, 2-bromo-2-methylpropane, and bromobenzene Group 2: 1-chlorobutane, 2-chloro-2-methylpropane, 1-chloro-2-butene Group 3: 1-bromobutane, 2-bromobutane, 1-chlorobutane, 2-chlorobutane When you perform experiments on these halides, be sure to do them in the order in which they appear in their group lists in order to observe trends and make conclusions about the reactivity of each halide within its respective group. To each tube of each group, rapidly add 1 mL of an 18% solution of sodium iodide in acetone, stopper each tube, mix the contents thoroughly, and note the time. Note the time of first appearance of any precipitate. If no reaction occurs within about 5 minutes, place those tubes in a 50°C water bath and watch for any reaction over the next 5 or 6 minutes. Empty the tubes, rinse them with ethanol, place the same amount of each of the alkyl halides in each tube as in the first part of the experiment and organize them by the groupings described above. Add 1 mL of 1% ethanolic silver nitrate solution to each tube, mix the contents well, and note the time of addition as well as the time of appearance of the first traces of any precipitate. If a precipitate does not appear in 5 minutes, heat the tubes containing these unreactive halides in a 50°C water bath for 5 to 6 minutes and watch for any reaction. To test the effect of solvent on the rate of S1 reactivity, compare the time needed for a precipitate to appear when 2-chlorobutane is treated with a 1% ethano- lic silver nitrate solution, and when treated with 1% silver nitrate in a mixture of 50% ethanol and 50% water. In your analysis of the results from these experiments, consider the following for both S1 and 52 conditions: the nature of the leaving group (Cl vs. Br) in the 1-halobutanes is compare simple primary, secondary, and tertiary
PRELAB EXERCISE: Predict the outcomes of the two sets of experiments to be carried out with the 11 halides used in this chapter. Group 1: 1-bromobutane, 2-bromobutane, 2-bromo-2-methylpropane, and bromobenzene Group 2: 1-chlorobutane, 2-chloro-2-methylpropane, 1-chloro-2-butene Group 3: 1-bromobutane, 2-bromobutane, 1-chlorobutane, 2-chlorobutane
Transcribed Image Text:PRELAB EXERCISE: Predict the outcomes of the two sets of experiments to be carried out with the 11 halides used in this chapter. Group 1: 1-bromobutane, 2-bromobutane, 2-bromo-2-methylpropane, and bromobenzene Group 2: 1-chlorobutane, 2-chloro-2-methylpropane, 1-chloro-2-butene Group 3: 1-bromobutane, 2-bromobutane, 1-chlorobutane, 2-chlorobutane
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