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- 1) 286 individuals were newly diagnosed with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in 2018 in Minnesota. Of these individuals, 76% were male. HIV is an enveloped, ssRNA virus_ Baltimore classification VI. This virus targets CD4+ cells. CD4 refers to a glycoprotein which serves as a co-receptor for T-cells, located on T-helper and T-reg immune cells. a) What part of the HIV virus allows for specificity to CD4+ cells?Can S-layer proteins be detected by immunolabelling when a capsule is present? How do you know? I need help finding the answer in the article and explain in short answer link to article: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC106848/A potential cause of acquired autoimmunity is ___________ . tissue hypersensitivity molecular mimicry histamine release radiation exposure
- 15 16 The following graph shows a response to COVID-19. Source: What does this graph best demonstrate? A. B. C. D. A. B. C. Viral load D Innate https://www.cell.com/cell/pdf/S0092-8674(21)00007-6.pdf The response of a non-vaccinated person The response to a vaccine for COVID-19 The first and second exposure to COVID-19 The second exposure to COVID-19 Part Which of the following correctly identifies a part of the human ear and its function? Severe disease Tympanic membrane Auditory nerve Organ of Corti Semicircular canals Adaptive Antibodies T cells Function Receives vibrations from the ossicles and passes them on to the cochlea Transfers sound vibrations to the temporal lobe of the brain for processing Converts vibrations in the fluid of the cochlea into electrochemical signals Transfers vibrations from the ossicles to the cochleaSerum from individuals with high levels of antibody to SARS-CoV2 has been used to treat patients with severe COVID-19. What is ONE way (there are several) that passive immunization with the antibody to the virus could help these patients? HINT: think about what opsonization with antibody could do for the innate immune response.How does HIV virus bind to human cells? What is the function of the CCR5 receptor during HIV infection and progression? What are the stages of HIV infection? What is seroconversion?
- Choose all the true statements regarding coronavirus proteins. Vaccine preventable diseases include COVID-19. For coronaviruses, it is more likely to find evolving mutations in the portion of the spike protein than the nucleocapsid protein. Mutations in the genetic code for the spike protein will produce 3D changes that are more likely to affect vaccine efficacy than changes to the nucleocapsid protein code. The nucleocapsid protein interacts with viral nucleic acid specifically whereas the spike protein interacts with the host protein non-specifically.Discuss the general mechanisms by which interferon-induced genes block virus replication.with HIV, explain the mechanism of intracellular infection and the role of reverse transcriptase. What would you explain about the process? What is the significance of the CD4+ count? ( Discuss the meaning of various ranges of CD4 counts.) List 5 opportunistic infections AND describe data to suggest whether or not a patient has such an infection.
- MCQ --Rotarix is a vaccine indicated for the prevention of Rotavirus gastroenteritis caused by G1 and non-G1 types (G3, G4, and G9). Which of the following is NOT correct regards this vaccine? following immunisation, children may become irritable and experience diarrhoea ill infants or who born with SCID should not be immunized is live-attenuated vaccine derived from the G1P[8] rotavirus strain is prepared for IV administration is given in two doses None of the aboveAside from antibody-producing vaccines against spike proteins, describe at least 2 other therapeutic strategies that employ knowledge of pathways allowing viral entry into cells and/or mechanisms preventing replication of new viral particles after entry.docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAlpQLSen_DnlxjlAa6EoAyAOhS Gitcmj9fQ_M4bwAg1Wizsq5Yp4A/formResponse O YouTube Maps nanswers TaT4 are rUC Which of the following are true regarding testosterone? * (1) Testosterone acts on specific target cells to stimulate male sexual characteristics. (2) Testosterone is directly stimulated by the release of GnRH. (3) Testosterone produces a negative feedback mechanism to regulate GnRH. (4) If spermatogenesis is slow, testosterone production is stimulated. O A- If answers (1), (2) and (3) are TRUE B- If answers (1) and (3) are TRUE O C- If answers (2) and (4) are TRUE O D- If only answer (4) is TRUE O E- If answers (1), (2), (3) and (4) are TRUE Which is true of the following statements regarding COVID-19? (1) SARS-CoV-2 is the virus that causes COVID-19 (2) The new coronavirus can infect the upper or lower part respiratorv svstem