WK10Assgn2_Armstrong_E

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Walden University *

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6501

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Nursing

Date

Apr 29, 2024

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docx

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5

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1 Case Study Analysis: Prostatitis Eudora L. Armstrong Master of Science in Nursing, Walden University NURS 6501N: Advanced Pathophysiology Dr. Katelyn Hicks February 4, 2024
2 Case Study Analysis: Prostatitis A male age 65 has complaints of urinary dribbling that has been going on for the last five days. During this time, he has the following symptoms, low back pain, peroneal pain, myalgias, and fevers with chills. He also reports one incident of urinary incontinence while being symptomatic. He has no complaints of hematuria. Pont of care testing of his urine reveals positive nitrites and trace bacteria. He states he recently had a urinary tract infection (UTI) and reveals that his prostate has been enlarged and he had a recent transurethral surgery. He has an elevated temperature of 103.0 degrees Fahrenheit, a raised pulse of 120 beats per minute, and an elevated respiration rate of 26 breaths per minute at this moment. Prostatitis The prostate is a small organ weighting in at about one ounce, it is a part of the male reproductive system. It sits anterior to the bladder, in front of the rectum, and surrounds the urethra (Cleveland Clinic, 2022). It is responsible for producing semen and pushing semen through the urethra. Prostatitis develops when the prostate is invaded with a pathogen (Yebes et al., 2023). Prostatitis can be suspected when a male experiences intense urgency to urinate frequently when there is only a small amount of urine, difficulty urinating, and a burning sensation with urination. Prostatitis is also accompanied by pain in the lower back, lower abdomen, groin, penis, or behind the scrotum. There may be discharge present at the urethral opening, and ejaculation can be painful. A fever may be present along with a feeling of malaise. There are four types of prostatitis: asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis, chronic bacterial prostatitis (CBP), acute bacterial prostatitis (ABP), and chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS). The underlying origin of nonbacterial prostatitis syndromes is unclear, a series of inflammatory,
3 immunologic, neuroendocrine, and neuropathic processes lead to the condition (McCance & Huether, 2019). Inflammatory Markers In order to determine whether inflammation is present in the body, healthcare professionals measure inflammatory markers. They are also helpful in assessing the effectiveness of therapy once it has begun. An early defense reaction is the development of a fever. The body is attempting to make the environment less favorable for the pathogen to thrive. Prostatitis causes an increase of lymphocytes and the infiltration of macrophages and plasma cells when histology testing is performed (Yebes et al., 2023). A clean catch urine sample will look for elevation in nitrates and leukocytes. When the body detects pathogens the number of leukocytes increases to help fight off the pathogen (Cleveland Clinic, n.d) A culture sample will be sent to the laboratory if the urinalysis is positive. The culture will help identify the organism and allow the provider to prescribe the correct treatment. Antibiotics are normally prescribed depending on the severity of the infection. Male Fertility Male fertility may be impacted by prostatitis in a number of ways. Per Parra 2023, infections may account for 12% of male infertility cases including prostatitis. Fertility may be restored depending on the severity of the infection once it’s resolved. Due to the inflammation and swelling related to prostatitis a male’s sexual function can be compromised (Ballaro, 2019). For example, the quality of sperm could deteriorate; fertile sperm is required for fertilization. Because prostatitis can be painful this can cause a male not to want to engage in sexual activities, indirectivity affecting fertility (Ballaro, 2019). Conclusion
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